Story Power

There is one form of power that has fascinated me ever since I was a girl… the power of storytelling.

In this May, 2019 essay, novelist Elena Ferrante writes that the “Decameron” by Giovanni Boccaccio (1313-1375) made a great impression on her in her youth.

In this work, which is at the origin of the grand Italian and European narrative traditions, 10 youths — seven women and three men — take turns telling stories for 10 days.

The young Ferrante liked that seven of Boccaccio’s ten narrators were women. (In the framework that Boccaccio contrives for his tales the storytellers are passing the time while shielding from the Black Death in a country villa. It was seven centuries before Netflix.)

Ferrante’s conclusion seems as vital today as it was in the 14th century and last May:

The female story, told with increasing skill, increasingly widespread and unapologetic, is what must now assume power.

Elena Ferrante is the author of the four Neapolitan novels: “My Brilliant Friend,” “The Story of a New Name,” “Those Who Leave and Those Who Stay” and “The Story of the Lost Child.” This essay was translated by Ann Goldstein from the Italian.

(Elena Ferrante, “A Power of Our Own,” NYTimes, 5-17-19. The photograph is from Moya Lothian-McLean, “She Was Just Walking Home,” NYTimes, 3-17-21))

(c) 2021 JMN

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Travesía (5)

Versión castellana del poema “Crossing Brooklyn Ferry” (1856) de Walt Whitman
English text at http://www.poetryfoundation.org
Spanish Interpretation by JMN

[Translator’s note: Though officially Spanish has imported the word “ferry,” I haven’t been happy with using it in the title of my rendering of Whitman’s poem. Conjoined with “Brooklyn” it just jangles with too much English. So I’ve shortened my title to “Travesía.” It’s pure, and I like the fluid semantic range of a “crossing” or “crossing over,” with its latency of skepticism for narrowly prescriptive boundaries.]

A middle third, give or take, of part 3, follows. Don’t forget, there are 9 parts.


(…3…)
I too many and many a time cross’d the river of old,
Yo también tantísimas veces atravesé el río antaño,
Watched the Twelfth-month sea-gulls, saw them high in the air floating with motionless wings, oscillating their bodies,
Observé las gaviotas del duodécimo mes, las vi flotar en el aire a gran altura con alas inmóviles, oscilando sus cuerpos,
Saw how the glistening yellow lit up parts of their bodies and left the rest in strong shadow,
Vi cómo el amarillo reluciente iluminaba porciones de sus cuerpos, dejando lo demás en sombra fuerte,
Saw the slow-wheeling circles and the gradual edging toward the south,
Vi los círculos que giraban lentamente y el avance poco a poco hacia el sur,
Saw the reflection of the summer sky in the water,
Vi el reflejo del cielo estival en el agua,
Had my eyes dazzled by the shimmering track of beams,
Quedé con ojos deslumbrados por el sendero encendido de rayos,
Look’d at the fine centrifugal spokes of light round the shape of my head in the sunlit water,
Observé los finos radios centrífugos de luz que rodeaban la imagen de mi cabeza en el agua soleada,
Look’d on the haze on the hills southward and south-westward,
Observé la neblina sobre las colinas hacia el sur y el suroeste,
Look’d on the vapor as it flew in fleeces tinged with violet,
Observé el vapor mientras volaba en hilos lanudos teñidos de violeta,
Look’d toward the lower bay to notice the vessels arriving,
Miré hacia la bahía inferior para fijarme en las embarcaciones que llegaban,
Saw their approach, saw aboard those that were near me,
Las vi acercarse, vi abordo a aquéllos que estaban cerca de mí,
Saw the white sails of schooners and sloops, saw the ships at anchor,
Vi las velas blancas de goletas y balandras, vi los barcos anclados,…

[… a continuarse]

(c) 2021 JMN. All rights reserved

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The Humble Art

I support the premise, aspirationally, that translation “involves being a writer,” to quote this article. The premise piggybacks on something I took on board long ago — that the first asset of a capable translator is to write well in his or her native tongue; then comes fluency in the “foreign” one.

Ann Goldstein translates Elena Ferrante’s novels. She worked at The New Yorker copy desk for over 40 years, and learned Italian in the mid-1980s by attending an evening class with several colleagues. She wanted to read Dante in the original. The class spent a year each on “Inferno,” “Purgatory,” and “Paradise.”

”Before retiring in 2017, Goldstein did all her translations at night or over weekends and vacations.”

Goldstein describes herself as a highly literal translator. Being so is no mean feat. Discernment and judgment are involved; a translator must be a good reader as well as writer. The editor-in-chief of Ferrante’s U.S. publisher says: “It takes a great deal of humility and a great deal of courage to represent so closely what an author wrote in the original language.”

I admire Goldstein’s venturesome spirit respecting her craft. “I’m willing to try anything,” she said of the work she’s drawn to. “I don’t think it’s necessary to have an affinity for the writer….” It’s a stance that seems to gravitate against cultural silos.

Goldstein has remained in New York City through the pandemic, keeping busy with translation work. She still meets with her fellow Italian students, after all these years, over Zoom. “The idea was to read Dante,” she said, “and here we are, reading Dante again.”

(Joumana Khatib, “Reading Elena Ferrante in English? You’re Also Reading Ann Goldstein,” NYTimes, 8-21-20)

(c) 2021 JMN

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‘Ethics of Translation’ (?)

As a presumptive translator I’m nagged by a sense of straying where I don’t belong. Where is my writ to translate into a non-native language, for example? I didn’t suck Spanish from mother’s teat. How can I possibly match what a native could do? Likely I can’t, but catch me not trying if I choose.

A poorly written and superficial article by the BBC stirs the putrid pot of who is entitled, or not, to translate whom and what.

Poet Amanda Gorman, who is Black, recited her poem “The Hill We Climb” at President Biden’s inauguration. (I saw it live.) Her performance was a resounding success and widely acclaimed.

Dutch writer Marieke Lucas Rijneveld, who is White, was commissioned by a Dutch publisher, with Gorman’s sign-off, to translate Gorman’s poem into Dutch.

Janice Deul, Dutch journalist and diversity campaigner who is Black, raised objection over the choice of a White woman to translate the poem. The decision, she said, “perpetuated the marginalisation of black voices in the Netherlands.”

Among the many examples of black Dutch poets are Zaire Krieger, whose work encapsulates the challenges of being a woman of colour in a white country, Rachel Rumai who recently featured in an Afro Lit anthology and spoken word artist Babs Gons, whose Polyglot was chosen as the poem for 2021 Dutch Book Week.

Marieke Lucas Rijneveld withdrew from the project to make way for someone closer to Gorman’s ethnicity and culture.

(Anna Holligan, “Why a white poet did not translate Amanda Gorman,” bbc.com, 3-10-21)

Much opportunity for venturesome translators lies beneath this controversy. Craft, in my view, should lead. Who crosses lines sought to be drawn, and how, will be of keen interest.

(c) 2021 JMN

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Travesía del Ferry Brooklyn (4)

Versión castellana del poema “Crossing Brooklyn Ferry” (1856) de Walt Whitman
English text at http://www.poetryfoundation.org
Spanish Interpretation by JMN

[Translator’s note: In what’s coming, I’ve preferred preterite tense over imperfect tense where the speaker gives vent to a rapture of connection transcending space-time, indeed his own mortality, with citizenry to come; he looks back at his own actions and emotions in an imagined future, evoking the parallelism with theirs. Though his actions and states of mind are repetitive — “many and many a time,” “I was refresh’d,” etc. — and therefore have imperfective aspect normally in Spanish, I conceive of the speaker as projectively lumping his life (with all its repetition) into a terminated and concluded dimension — elegiac hindsight from anticipated afterlife, so to speak — and therefore better conveyed by the preterite. I have open ears if a Spanish reader disagrees with my tense choice.]

Roughly one-third of part 3 follows. Remember, there are 9 parts.

(3 begun)
It avails not, time nor place—distance avails not,
Para nada sirve, ni tiempo ni lugar — ni para nada la distancia,
I am with you, you men and women of a generation, or ever so many generations hence,
Estoy con vosotros, hombres y mujeres de una generación, o de aquí a tantas generaciones,
Just as you feel when you look on the river and sky, so I felt,
Igual lo que sentís al contemplar el río y el cielo, eso lo sentí yo,
Just as any of you is one of a living crowd, I was one of a crowd,
Igual que entre vosotros cualquiera es miembro de una muchedumbre viva, yo fui miembro de una muchedumbre,
Just as you are refresh’d by the gladness of the river and the bright flow, I was refresh’d,
Igual que os refrescáis con la alegría del rio y su flujo brillante, yo me refresqué,
Just as you stand and lean on the rail, yet hurry with the swift current, I stood yet was hurried,
Igual que quedáis parados y apoyados en la barra, y no obstante os precipitáis con la veloz corriente, yo me paré y me precipité,
Just as you look on the numberless masts of ships and the thick-stemm’d pipes of steamboats, I look’d.
Igual que contempláis los innumerables mástiles de barcos y las pipas de cañón grueso de los buques de vapor, yo contemplé.

(c) 2021 JMN. All rights reserved

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‘Bad Boy’ Harpsichordist

Scott Ross moved to France when he was 12 years old. He studied harpsichord and organ at the Paris and Nice Conservatories, and in 1971 won the Bruges International Competition, in Belgium.

Five years before dying of AIDS in 1982 at age 38, Ross committed himself to recording the complete keyboard works of Scarlatti — 555 sonatas.

The full set had never before been recorded, let alone by a single artist, let alone on an instrument like that which its composer would have known. Vast swaths were hardly played at all.

“I have a quality — a vice, perhaps,” he says. “It’s called perseverance, which isn’t the same thing as patience. Patience I don’t possess, but perseverance? You’re talking to someone who recorded 555 Scarlatti sonatas. Well, that didn’t require any patience. I have no patience for anything whatsoever.”

In the video cited in this article, Ross quietly tutors a student, speaking French, at the keyboard. The toll his affliction has taken is etched in his gaunt face, yet with eyes and voice he conveys a masterful authority, serenity, empathy, teacherly tenderness — and yes, patience — that are indescribably moving.

Ross’s brief admonishment to his pupil, as the young man plays, crystallizes the experience: “Don’t look at me, look at the keyboard.”

(“He Was a ‘Bad Boy’ Harpsichordist, and the Best of HIs Age,” Zachary Woolfe, NYTimes, 2-26-21)

(c) 2021 JMN

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Neruda [LXXXVII]

[LXXXVII]
Las tres aves del mar, tres rayos, tres tijeras
The three sea birds, three flashes, three scissors
cruzaron por el cielo frío hacia Antofagasta,
crossed over the cold sky towards Antofagasta,
por eso quedó el aire tembloroso,
that’s why the air was set to shaking,
todo tembló como bandera herida.
everything trembled like a wounded flag.

Soledad, dame el signo de tu incesante origen,
Solitude, give me the sign from your unceasing origin,
el apenas camino de los pájaros crueles,
the barely highway of those cruel birds,
y la palpitación que sin duda precede
and the palpitation that is sure to come before
a la miel, a la música, al mar, al nacimiento.
the honey, the music, the sea, the birth.

(Soledad sostenida por un constante rostro
(Solitude sustained by an unfailing visage
como una grave flor sin cesar extendida
like a sombre flower stretched unendingly
hasta abarcar la pura muchedumbre del cielo.)
to span the sheer muchness crowding the sky.)

Volaban alas frías del mar, del Archipiélago,
Cold wings of ocean flew, from Archipelago,
hacia la arena del Noroeste de Chile.
towards the sands of Northwest Chile.
Y la noche cerró su celeste cerrojo.
And night threw the bolt on its celestial lock.

Veinte poemas de amor y una canción desesperada. Cien sonetos de amor
1924, Pablo Neruda y Herederos de Pablo Neruda
1994, Random House Mondadori
Cuarta edición en U.S.A: febrero 2004

[English translation by JMN.]

(c) 2020 JMN. All rights reserved

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Travesía del Ferry Brooklyn (3)

Versión castellana del poema “Crossing Brooklyn Ferry” (1856) de Walt Whitman
English text at www.poetryfoundation.org
Spanish Interpretation by JMN

The poem has 9 parts of differing lengths. The rest of part 2 follows here:

Others will enter the gates of the ferry and cross from shore to shore,
Otros pasarán por las puertas del ferry y cruzarán de orilla a orilla,
Others will watch the run of the flood-tide,
Otros observarán el correr de la pleamar,
Others will see the shipping of Manhattan north and west, and the heights of Brooklyn to the south and east,
Otros verán los buques de Manhattan al norte y al oeste, y las alturas de Brooklyn hacia el sur y el este,
Others will see the islands large and small;
Otros verán las islas grandes y pequeñas;
Fifty years hence, others will see them as they cross, the sun half an hour high,
De aquí a cincuenta años, otros los verán atravesar, salido el sol desde hace media hora,
A hundred years hence, or ever so many hundred years hence, others will see them,
De aquí a cien años, o a tantos cientos de años, otros los observarán,
Will enjoy the sunset, the pouring-in of the flood-tide, the falling-back to the sea of the ebb-tide.
Se deleitarán con la puesta del sol, el raudal que vierte la pleamar, la retirada al océano de la bajamar.

(Seguirá más “si Dios quiere.”)

(c) 2021 JMN. All rights reserved

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Neruda LXXXVIII

[LXXXVIII]
El mes de marzo vuelve con su luz escondida
The month of March is back with its absconded light
y se deslizan peces inmensos por el cielo,
and immense fish slide through the sky,
vago vapor terrestre progresa sigiloso,
vague earth-bound mist advances furtively,
una por una caen al silencio las cosas.
one by one things succumb to silence.

Por suerte en esta crisis de atmósfera errabunda
What luck, in this crisis of straying atmosphere
reuniste las vidas del mar con las del fuego,
you rolled into one the lives of sea with those of fire,
el movimiento gris de la nave de invierno,
the gray movement of the ship of winter,
la forma que el amor imprimió a la guitarra.
the shape that love imprinted on the guitar.

Oh amor, rosa mojada por sirenas y espumas,
O love, rose moistened by sirens and sea sprays,
fuego que baila y sube la invisible escalera
dancing fire that scales the invisible ladder
y despierta en el túnel del insomnio a la sangre
and wakens blood in the tunnel of insomnia

para que se consuman las olas en el cielo,
so that waves consume themselves in sky,
olvide el mar sus bienes y leones
sea forgets its properties and lions
y caiga el mundo adentro de las redes oscuras.
and world tumbles inside the darkened nets.

Veinte poemas de amor y una canción desesperada. Cien sonetos de amor
1924, Pablo Neruda y Herederos de Pablo Neruda
1994, Random House Mondadori
Cuarta edición en U.S.A: febrero 2004

[English translation by JMN.]

(c) 2020 JMN. All rights reserved

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‘The Painting Just Falls Off the Brush’

… Ms. Shinoda worked primarily in sumi ink, a solid form of ink, made from soot pressed into sticks… “It is… necessary to finish one’s work very quickly. So the composition must be determined in my mind before I pick up the brush. Then, as they say, the painting just falls off the brush.”

… Ms. Shinoda shunned representation. “If I have a definite idea, why paint it?,” she asked in an interview with United Press International in 1980. “It’s already understood and accepted. A stand of bamboo is more beautiful than a painting could be. Mount Fuji is more striking than any possible imitation.”

(Margalit Fox, “Toko Shinoda Dies at 107; Fused Calligraphy With Abstract Expressionism,” NYTimes, 3-3-21)

The 1980 interview cited in this article says Ms. Shinoda’s paintings express “her sensations, her feelings about nature rather than nature itself.” Shinoda’s take on “representation” is imperceptive, but her feathery renderings distilled from the “serene” Japanese calligraphic tradition are elegant.

(c) 2021 JMN

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